Between 1850 and 1889, women’s shoes reflected both evolving fashion and industrial innovation. Early in the period, flat, square-toed shoes with side lacing or button closures were popular, often adorned with rosettes or decorative stitching. As the century progressed, heels returned - modest at first, then higher and more tapered by the 1870s, echoing French “Louis” styles. Buttoned or lace-up ankle boots in leather or cloth became everyday staples, while satin slippers graced formal occasions. With mass production on the rise, shoes became more affordable and varied, blending practicality with ornate Victorian flair.